EN 10025-2 — Hot rolled products of structural steels. Part 2: Non-alloy structural steels
Last updated
Scope
Technical delivery conditions for flat and long products (plate, strip, sections, bar) of non-alloy structural steels S235, S275, S355 and S450 in qualities JR, J0, J2 and K2, plus the machinery grade E295/E335/E360. Covers chemical composition, mechanical properties by thickness, impact energy by quality, carbon equivalent, delivery conditions (+AR, +N, +M) and inspection documents. Hollow sections are in EN 10210/10219, plate for pressure in EN 10028.
Grades covered by EN 10025-2
| Grade | No. | Type | C % | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Nearest equivalents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S235J0 | 1.0114 | Non-alloy hot-rolled structural steel | ≤ 0.17 | 235 | 360–510 | s235jr, a36, q235 |
| S235JR | 1.0038 | Non-alloy hot-rolled structural steel | ≤ 0.17 | 235 | 360–510 | A36, A283 Gr. C, SS400 |
| S275JR | 1.0044 | Non-alloy hot-rolled structural steel | ≤ 0.21 | 275 | 410–560 | A36, A572 Gr. 42, SS400 |
| S355J2 | 1.0577 | Non-alloy hot-rolled structural steel, −20 °C impact | ≤ 0.22 | 355 | 470–630 | A572 Gr. 50, A709 Gr. 50, SM490B |
| S355JR | 1.0045 | Non-alloy hot-rolled structural steel | ≤ 0.24 | 355 | 470–630 | A572 Gr. 50, A992, SM490A |
Revision history and superseded standards
| Year | Change |
|---|---|
| 1990 | EN 10025:1990 — first European edition (Fe360/Fe430/Fe510 names) |
| 1993 | EN 10025:1993 — S235/S275/S355 designations introduced (EN 10027-1) |
| 2004 | EN 10025-2:2004 — split into six parts; G1/G2/G3 variants merged |
| 2019 | EN 10025-2:2019 — current; S450J0 added earlier, CEV table revised, +M conditions |
Supersedes: EN 10025:1993 / :2004 (part 2); DIN 17100:1980 (St37, St44, St52); BS 4360:1990 (40, 43, 50 grades); NF A 35-501; UNI 7070.
Where to buy the standard
The full text is copyrighted by CEN and is not reproduced here. Purchase the current edition from CEN / national standards body (BSI, DIN, TSE) or your national standards body. The values on this site are the normative limits as published; the standard's own tables, notes and test methods govern.
Related standards
Reading an EN 10025-2 designation
A designation under this standard has three parts and each one is a separate decision. S says the steel is structural. The number — 235, 275, 355, 450 — is the minimum yield strength in MPa for the thinnest product band, not the tensile strength and not the strength of the plate in your hand if it is thick. The letter group — JR, J0, J2, K2 — is the impact test and nothing else.
That last point is where most substitution mistakes start. S355JR and S355J2 have identical strength tables; they differ only in the temperature at which 27 J of Charpy energy is guaranteed: +20 °C for JR, 0 °C for J0, −20 °C for J2. K2 raises the energy to 40 J at −20 °C. A drawing that says "S355" without a letter has not specified a steel.
The thickness ladder is part of the grade
Yield strength falls with thickness, and the standard tabulates the steps rather than leaving them to interpretation. S355 guarantees 355 MPa to 16 mm, 345 MPa to 40 mm, 335 MPa to 63 mm, 325 MPa to 80 mm and so on down to 265 MPa at 200–250 mm. The tensile band moves too, from 470–630 MPa in thin product to 450–600 MPa in heavy plate.
This matters when a foreign grade is offered as an equivalent. Q355 and 09G2S both step down at different thicknesses from S355, so two grades that match perfectly at 12 mm can differ by 20 MPa at 50 mm. Check the governing thickness, not the headline number.
What the standard also controls, and what it excludes
Beyond strength and impact, EN 10025-2 sets the chemical composition, a carbon equivalent ceiling by thickness and grade — the number that decides preheat — and the delivery condition: +AR as-rolled, +N normalised or normalised-rolled, +M thermomechanically rolled. The condition is part of the order, and a plate supplied +AR where the design assumed +N is a different material.
What it does not cover is as important. Hollow sections are in EN 10210 (hot-finished) and EN 10219 (cold-formed). Plate for pressure equipment is in EN 10028. Weathering steels are in EN 10025-5, fine-grain structural steels in parts 3 and 4, and quenched and tempered plate in part 6. Asking for "S355 tube to EN 10025-2" asks for something the standard does not issue.
JR / J0 / J2 / K2 grade the impact test, not the strength.
The yield figure applies to the thinnest band only; the ladder is in the standard.
CEV by thickness decides preheat and is on the certificate.
+AR, +N and +M are different materials at the same designation.
faq.h
What does the JR in S235JR mean?
It is the impact class. JR guarantees 27 J of Charpy V-notch energy at +20 °C; J0 guarantees the same at 0 °C and J2 at −20 °C. Strength is identical across all three — the letter buys toughness, not load capacity.
Is S355 stronger than S275?
Yes, by 80 MPa of minimum yield in the thinnest band and by a higher tensile range. Both step down with thickness on the same pattern, so the gap stays roughly constant through the thickness ladder.
What replaced EN 10025:1993?
EN 10025-2:2004 and then :2019. The 1993 edition introduced the S235/S275/S355 names in place of Fe360/Fe430/Fe510; the 2004 revision split the standard into six parts, separating fine-grain, weathering and quenched-and-tempered steels from the plain structural grades.
Does EN 10025-2 cover hollow sections?
No. Cold-formed hollow sections are EN 10219 and hot-finished ones EN 10210, each with its own grade suffix H — S235JRH, S355J2H. The chemistry is related but the tolerance and testing regimes are not the same.
What is the carbon equivalent limit under this standard?
It varies by grade and thickness and is tabulated in the standard — broadly 0.35–0.45 for S235 through S355 in common thicknesses. It is reported on the mill certificate and it is the figure a welding procedure is built on, not the carbon content alone.