51CrV4 equivalent grades: ASTM, EN, JIS, GB, DIN
51CrV4 is chromium-vanadium spring steel, quenched and tempered specified in EN 10089. Substitutes are collected here from 7 standard systems; the grading column says whether a certificate covers the swap or an engineer has to. The full 51CrV4 data sheet carries the composition and mechanical tables.
Last updated
51CrV4 is cross-certified with 6150, 735A50, 50CrVA and 2 more: the composition windows overlap closely enough that one certificate satisfies the other. 5160, 52CrMoV4 sit one step away, differ in a strength minimum or in the quality class rather than in the metallurgy. 9260, 60SiCr7, 42CrMo4 and 1 more serve the same purpose without being the same steel, so a substitution there needs the design re-checked rather than the certificate. The cross-reference below covers 3 in AISI / SAE, 1 in BS (superseded British), 1 in GB/T (China), 1 in GOST (Russia/CIS), 1 in JIS (Japan), 3 in EN (European), 1 in IS (India).
Cross-reference table
| Grade | System | Match | Why / differences |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6150 | AISI / SAE | Identical | SAE 6150 (UNS G61500): C 0.48–0.53, Mn 0.70–0.90, Cr 0.80–1.10, V ≥ 0.15. The same chromium-vanadium steel. The difference is in the delivery requirements rather than the analysis — SAE allows P 0.035 and S 0.040 against 0.025 for EN 10089, and does not impose a decarburisation limit. |
| 735A50 | BS (superseded British) | Identical | BS 970 735A50, the former EN47: C 0.45–0.55, Mn 0.70–1.00, Cr 0.80–1.20, V 0.15 min. Still quoted on British drawings for torsion bars and hand tools. |
| 50CrVA | GB/T (China) | Identical | GB/T 1222 50CrVA: C 0.47–0.54, Mn 0.50–0.80, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.10–0.20. The Chinese spring steel standard mirrors EN 10089 closely, including the decarburisation requirement. |
| 50KhFA | GOST (Russia/CIS) | Identical | GOST 14959 50KhFA: C 0.46–0.54, Mn 0.50–0.80, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.10–0.20. |
| SUP10 | JIS (Japan) | Identical | JIS G4801 SUP10: C 0.47–0.55, Si 0.15–0.35, Mn 0.65–0.95, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.15–0.25 — effectively the EN analysis with a silicon minimum. |
| 5160 | AISI / SAE | Near | The chromium leaf-spring steel without vanadium: C 0.56–0.64, Cr 0.70–0.90. Higher carbon gives similar hardness more cheaply; the missing vanadium means a coarser grain and less tolerance of overheating during forming. |
| 52CrMoV4 | EN (European) | Near | 1.7701: the same steel with 0.50 % molybdenum added. Hardens through heavier bars and resists relaxation better at temperature; used for very heavy leaf and parabolic springs. |
| 9260 | AISI / SAE | Functional | 1.8159: chromium-vanadium, deeper hardening and far more tolerant of hot forming because the vanadium pins the grain. Chosen where section size or process robustness governs rather than elastic limit. |
| 60SiCr7 | EN (European) | Functional | 1.7108: the silicon-chromium coil-spring steel. Higher elastic limit and better sag resistance at the same hardness, but shallower hardening and more prone to decarburisation — the usual choice for valve and suspension coil springs where 51CrV4 goes into leaf springs and torsion bars. |
| 42CrMo4 | EN (European) | Functional | 1.7225: the general engineering quenched and tempered steel. Overlaps in strength up to about 1100 MPa but has 0.40 % carbon, so it cannot reach spring hardness, and it is not supplied against a decarburisation limit. |
| 60Si7 | IS (India) | Functional | 1.8159: chromium-vanadium instead of silicon. Hardens through roughly twice the section and tolerates hot forming far better, at a higher price. Within IS 3431 itself the equivalent step is to 50Cr4V2. |
Identical, near and functional are defined once on the grade index; the reason column below says which limit differs in each case.
51CrV4 in AISI / SAE
- 6150 — Identical SAE 6150 (UNS G61500): C 0.48–0.53, Mn 0.70–0.90, Cr 0.80–1.10, V ≥ 0.15. The same chromium-vanadium steel. The difference is in the delivery requirements rather than the analysis — SAE allows P 0.035 and S 0.040 against 0.025 for EN 10089, and does not impose a decarburisation limit.
- 5160 — Near The chromium leaf-spring steel without vanadium: C 0.56–0.64, Cr 0.70–0.90. Higher carbon gives similar hardness more cheaply; the missing vanadium means a coarser grain and less tolerance of overheating during forming.
- 9260 — Functional 1.8159: chromium-vanadium, deeper hardening and far more tolerant of hot forming because the vanadium pins the grain. Chosen where section size or process robustness governs rather than elastic limit.
51CrV4 in BS (superseded British)
- 735A50 — Identical BS 970 735A50, the former EN47: C 0.45–0.55, Mn 0.70–1.00, Cr 0.80–1.20, V 0.15 min. Still quoted on British drawings for torsion bars and hand tools.
51CrV4 in GB/T (China)
- 50CrVA — Identical GB/T 1222 50CrVA: C 0.47–0.54, Mn 0.50–0.80, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.10–0.20. The Chinese spring steel standard mirrors EN 10089 closely, including the decarburisation requirement.
51CrV4 in GOST (Russia/CIS)
- 50KhFA — Identical GOST 14959 50KhFA: C 0.46–0.54, Mn 0.50–0.80, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.10–0.20.
51CrV4 in JIS (Japan)
- SUP10 — Identical JIS G4801 SUP10: C 0.47–0.55, Si 0.15–0.35, Mn 0.65–0.95, Cr 0.80–1.10, V 0.15–0.25 — effectively the EN analysis with a silicon minimum.
51CrV4 in EN (European)
- 52CrMoV4 — Near 1.7701: the same steel with 0.50 % molybdenum added. Hardens through heavier bars and resists relaxation better at temperature; used for very heavy leaf and parabolic springs.
- 60SiCr7 — Functional 1.7108: the silicon-chromium coil-spring steel. Higher elastic limit and better sag resistance at the same hardness, but shallower hardening and more prone to decarburisation — the usual choice for valve and suspension coil springs where 51CrV4 goes into leaf springs and torsion bars.
- 42CrMo4 — Functional 1.7225: the general engineering quenched and tempered steel. Overlaps in strength up to about 1100 MPa but has 0.40 % carbon, so it cannot reach spring hardness, and it is not supplied against a decarburisation limit.
51CrV4 in IS (India)
- 60Si7 — Functional 1.8159: chromium-vanadium instead of silicon. Hardens through roughly twice the section and tolerates hot forming far better, at a higher price. Within IS 3431 itself the equivalent step is to 50Cr4V2.
Superseded names for 51CrV4
- 50CrV4 — DIN 17221 (withdrawn): Same number 1.8159. EN 10089 renamed it 51CrV4 when the carbon window was re-centred; the two names are used interchangeably in the trade and on mill certificates.
- 735A50 — BS 970 Part 2 / BS 970:1955 EN47: The British spring and tool grade, also written EN47 in the pre-1970 scheme.
- Z50CV4 — NF A 35-571: The French designation.
- 50CrV4 — UNI 3545: The Italian standard used the German short name directly.
Key data for 51CrV4
Tensile≤ 850 MPa
Carbon0.47 – 0.55 %
StandardEN 10089
Full composition, mechanical properties by thickness, heat treatment and applications for 51CrV4 →
Verified against EN 10089:2002. Last checked: October 2026.